Vhiki rino, sangano reUN reFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO), pamwe chete neWHO, rakaburitsa mushumo waro wekutanga wepasi rose pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu chezvigadzirwa zvemasero.
Mushumo uyu une chinangwa chekupa hwaro hwakasimba hwesainzi hwekutanga kugadzira hurongwa hwemitemo uye masisitimu anoshanda ekuona kuchengetedzeka kwemapuroteni akasiyana.
Corinna Hawkes, mukuru wedhipatimendi reFAO rezvekudya nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, akati: “FAO, pamwe chete neWHO, inotsigira nhengo dzayo nekupa mazano esainzi anogona kubatsira vane masimba vane hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu kuti vashandise senzira yekugadzirisa nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu”.
Mumashoko avo, FAO yakati: "Zvekudya zvinobva mumasero hazvisi zvekudya zvemangwana. Makambani/makambani matsva anopfuura zana ari kutogadzira zvigadzirwa zvekudya zvinobva mumasero zvakagadzirira kutengeswa uye zvakamirira kubvumidzwa."
Mushumo wacho unoti kuvandudzwa uku kuri kuitwa muhurongwa hwekudya kuri kupindura "matambudziko makuru ezvekudya" ane chekuita nehuwandu hwevanhu pasi rose hunosvika mabhiriyoni 9.8 muna 2050.
Sezvo zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekudya zvakagadzirwa nemasero zvatova padanho rakasiyana-siyana rekugadzirwa, mushumo wacho unoti "zvakakosha kuongorora nemazvo mabhenefiti azvingaunza, pamwe nenjodzi dzipi nedzipi dzine chekuita nazvo - kusanganisira kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu uye kunetseka nezvemhando yepamusoro".
Mushumo uyu, une musoro unoti Food Safety Aspects of Cell-Based Food, unosanganisira kuunganidzwa kwemabhuku enyaya dzakakosha dzemashoko, misimboti yemaitiro ekugadzira chikafu chinobva mumasero, mamiriro epasi rose ehurongwa hwemitemo, uye zvidzidzo kubva kuIsrael, Qatar neSingapore "kuratidza nzvimbo dzakasiyana, maumbirwo nemamiriro ezvinhu akakomberedza hurongwa hwavo hwemitemo yechikafu chinobva mumasero".
Chinyorwa ichi chinosanganisira zvakabuda muhurukuro yenyanzvi yakatungamirwa neFAO yakaitwa muSingapore muna Mbudzi gore rapera, uko kwakaitwa kuongororwa kwakazara kwenjodzi dzekuchengetedza chikafu - kuongororwa kwenjodzi iri danho rekutanga rekuongorora njodzi.
Kuzivikanwa kwenjodzi kwakabatanidza matanho mana ekugadzirwa kwechikafu chinobva mumasero: kuwanikwa kwemasero, kukura nekugadzirwa kwemasero, kukohwa masero, uye kugadziriswa kwechikafu. Nyanzvi dzakabvumirana kuti kunyange hazvo njodzi dzakawanda dzichitozivikanwa uye dziripo zvakaenzana muchikafu chinogadzirwa nenzira yetsika, chinangwa chingangoda kuiswa pazvinhu, zvinopinda, zvinhu - kusanganisira zvinogona kukonzera allergies - uye michina inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwechikafu chinobva mumasero.
Kunyange hazvo FAO ichitaura nezve "chikafu chinobva mumasero," mushumo wacho unobvuma kuti 'zvakarimwa' uye 'zvakarimwa' ndiwo mazwi anowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri iyi. FAO inokurudzira masangano emitemo yenyika kuti agadzire mutauro wakajeka uye wakafanana kuderedza kusataurirana, izvo zvakakosha pakunyorwa kwemazita.
Mushumo uyu unoratidza kuti nzira yekuongorora kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu chezvigadzirwa zvechikafu zvinobva mumasero yakakodzera nekuti, kunyangwe paine kujekeswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira, chigadzirwa chega chega chinogona kushandisa masosi akasiyana-siyana emasero, mascaffolds kana microcarriers, culture media compositions, mamiriro ekurima uye magadzirirwo ereactor.
Inotaurawo kuti munyika zhinji, chikafu chinobva mumasero chinogona kuongororwa mukati mehurongwa hutsva hwechikafu huripo, ichitaura nezvekuchinja kweSingapore kumitemo yayo mitsva yechikafu kuti isanganise chikafu chinobva mumasero uye chibvumirano cheUS chekunyora mazita uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza chikafu chinogadzirwa nemasero emhuka nemhuka akarerwa, semuenzaniso. Inowedzera kuti USDA yakataura chinangwa chayo chekunyora mitemo pamusoro pekunyorwa mazita enyama nemhuka zvinobva mumasero emhuka.
Sekureva kweFAO, "pari zvino pane ruzivo rushoma nedata pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu chezvikafu zvinobva mumasero kuti zvitsigire vatongi mukuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo".
Mushumo uyu unoti kugadzira data rakawanda uye kugoveranwa padanho repasi rose kwakakosha pakugadzira mamiriro ekuvhurika nekuvimbana, kuitira kuti vese vane chekuita nazvo vabatane zvakanaka. Unotiwo kushanda pamwe chete kwenyika dzese kuchabatsira masangano akasiyana-siyana ane hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza chikafu, kunyanya ayo ari munyika dzine mari shoma nepakati, kushandisa nzira yakavakirwa pauchapupu kugadzirira chero matanho anodiwa ekutonga.
Inopedzisa nekutaura kuti kunze kwekuchengetedzeka kwechikafu, dzimwe nyaya dzakadai semashoko, mitemo, zvinovaka muviri, maonero evatengi uye kugamuchirwa kwavo (kusanganisira kuravira uye kutenga zvinhu zviri nyore) zvakakoshawo, uye pamwe zvakanyanya kukosha pakuisa tekinoroji iyi pamusika.
Pamusangano wekukurukurirana nenyanzvi wakaitwa muSingapore kubva musi wa1 kusvika 4 Mbudzi gore rapera, FAO yakaburitsa chikumbiro chepasi rose chenyanzvi kubva musi wa1 Kubvumbi kusvika 15 Chikumi 2022, kuitira kuti vagadzire boka renyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi neruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana.
Nyanzvi dzinosvika 138 dzakanyorera uye boka rekusarudza rakazvimirira rakaongorora nekuronga mafomu acho zvichienderana nezvinodiwa kare - 33 vakanyoreswa. Pakati pavo, 26 vakazadza nekusaina fomu rekuti 'Kuchengetedza Kuchengetedzwa Kwemashoko uye Kuzivisa Zvido', uye mushure mekuongororwa kwezvido zvese zvakaburitswa pachena, vanyori vasina kufungidzirwa kuti vane kupesana kwezvido vakanyoreswa senyanzvi, nepo vanyori vane ruzivo rwakakodzera panyaya iyi uye rwaigona kuonekwa sekusawirirana kwezvido vakanyoreswa sevanhu vane ruzivo rwakakwana panyaya iyi.
Nyanzvi dzepanel yehunyanzvi ndeidzi:
lAnil Kumar Anal, purofesa, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand
lWilliam Chen, purofesa ane hunyanzvi uye mutungamiriri wesainzi yezvekudya netekinoroji, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (mutevedzeri wesachigaro)
lDeepak Choudhury, musayendisiti mukuru wezve tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvipenyu, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
lSghaier Chriki, mubatsiri wepurofesa, Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, muongorori, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, France (vanoshanda boka mutevedzeri wasachigaro)
lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, mutevedzeri wapurofesa, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement neBordeaux Sciences Agro, France.
lJeremiah Fasano, mupi wezano mukuru wezvemitemo, United States Food and Drug Administration, US (sachigaro)
lMukunda Goswami, musayendisiti mukuru, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, India
lWilliam Hallman, purofesa uye sachigaro weRutgers University, US
lGeoffrey Muriira Karau, director we quality assurance and inspection, Bureau of Standards, Kenya
lMartín Alfredo Lema, biotechnologist, National University yeQuilmes, Argentina (mutevedzeri wechigaro)
lReza Ovissipour, mubatsiri wepurofesa, Virginia Polytechnic Institute neState University, US
lChristopher Simuntala, mukuru wezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu, National Biosafety Authority, Zambia
lYongning Wu, mukuru wezvesainzi, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, China
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-04-2024