Siyanai neKusagadzikana muCold Chain: Michero neMiriwo Zvakaomeswa neFriji Zvinosvika Sei Pakupararira Kwenguva Refu Pasirose Patembiricha Yemumba?

Kwenguva yakareba, kutengeserana kwemichero mitsva nemiriwo pasi rose kwave kuri mu "zvisungo zvechando": mitengo yakakwira yekutakura zvinhu, kurasikirwa kukuru kwekuora, uye zvirambidzo zvakasimba pakufamba kwenguva. Nhasi, kukwira kweindasitiri yekugadzira michero nemiriwo yakaomeswa nechando muChina kuri kukanganisa zvachose maitiro aya echinyakare. Nekubudirira kukuru kwetekinoroji ye "low-temperature vacuum sublimation", zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvakaomeswa nechando muChina zviri kupfuura nepakati pemiganhu yenzvimbo ye equator, Arctic Circle nezvitsuwa zviri kure, uye zviri kuendeswa patafura dzekudya dzevatengi pasi rese patembiricha yemumba. Nhau idzi dzichaongorora zvakadzama hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, zvakanakira zvechain yekugovera uye kukosha kwekutengeserana kwepasi rose kuri shure kweiyi nzira yekuchinja yekutenderera.

Misoro midiki

1. Tekinoroji Yepamusoro Yekudzikisa Kupisa Kushoma: Danho Rekutanga Rekuputsa Kurambidzwa Kwechando

Kusiyana nemaitiro ekuomesa echinyakare anoparadza chimiro chemasero ezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, maitiro ekugadzira michero nemiriwo zvakaomeswa nechando anotanga nekukasika kuomesa michero nemiriwo ichangobva kutorwa kusvika -35°C mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri, kuitira kuti mvura yese iri mukati mezvinhu zvakagadzirwa igadzire makristaro madiki echando asingaparadze. Zvadaro, munzvimbo ine 100Pa low-pressure vacuum, makristaro echando anoiswa zvakananga muutsi hwemvura uye anoburitswa, pasina kupfuura nepakati pechikamu chemvura. Maitiro aya anoita kuti hunyoro hwechigadzirwa chapedzwa hudzorwe zvakanaka pasi pe5%, uye mamiriro ekuberekana kwehutachiona anogurwa zvachose, zvichiisa hwaro hwehunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza kwenguva refu uye kutakurwa patembiricha yemumba.

2. Hupenyu hweSherufu yeMukamuri neTembiricha yeMwedzi 24: Kugadzirisa Patsva Muganho weNguva Yekupararira kweZvigadzirwa zvekurima

Mushure mekuomesa nechando neunyanzvi, michero nemiriwo yakaomeswa nechando haifanirwe kuwedzera mishonga yekuchengetedza, uye inogona kuchengetedza kunaka kwakasimba, ruvara uye zvinovaka muviri kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana munzvimbo yekupisa yakajairika ye5-25°C. Zvichienzaniswa nemichero nemiriwo mitsva inogona kuchengetwa kwemazuva manomwe kusvika makumi matatu chete, uye michero yakaomeswa nemhepo inopisa yakachengetedzwa inogona kubatwa nehunyoro uye fungus mumwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu, hupenyu hwayo hwesherufu hunowedzerwa kanopfuura kasere. Kubudirira uku kunobvisa zvachose "kunetseka kwenguva" kwekutengeserana kwenyika, zvichibvumira zvinhu kupedzisa kutakurwa kure kwegungwa, kubviswa kwemitero yechiteshi uye kugoverwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza kunze kwenyika pasina kumanikidzwa kwenguva.

3. Kuderedzwa kwe70% kweMari yeZvifambiso: Kuvaka Network Yekutengeserana Kwepasirose Inoshanda Zvakanyanya

Michero nemiriwo zvakaomeswa nechando hazvidi marori akachengetwa mufiriji, ngarava dzemagaba anotonhora uye matura ekupisa anogara ari mumalink kubva pakutumira zvinhu mufekitori kuenda kune dzimwe nyika, uye malink ese anogona kushandisa zviwanikwa zvemazuva ese zvekupisa. Zvichiverengerwa zvichienderana neyuniti yemagaba, mutengo wekutakura zvinhu mugungwa wezvigadzirwa zvakaomeswa nechando wakaderera ne70% pane wemichero nemiriwo mitsva inoda kutakurwa kwecheni inotonhora, uye huwandu hwekuora kwezvigadzirwa hunoderera kubva pa30% yekutengeserana kutsva kusvika pasi pe0.5%. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvemhando yepamusoro zvekuChina zvipinde mumisika yenyika dziri kure nenzvimbo dzakadai seEastern Europe, Central Asia neAfrica, idzo dzaimbove dzakaganhurirwa nemitengo yakakwira yecheni inotonhora.

4. Dziviriro Yekunyorova Kwese Kwese: Chipingamupinyi Chekupedzisira Chekutenderera Kweropa Kwakagadzikana Pasirose

Kuti tikwanise kugadzirisa kusiyana kwakanyanya kwekupisa nekunyorova munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, takavaka sisitimu yekudzivirira hunyoro-inopindirana nemativi matatu yezvigadzirwa zvakaomeswa nechando: chikamu chemukati chinoshandisa kurongedza kwealuminium foil yemhando yechikafu ine hunyoro hunosvika pasi pe0.1g/m²·24h, chikamu chepakati chakazadzwa nenitrogen kuti chiparadzanise okisijeni, uye chikamu chekunze chinoshandisa bhokisi rakasimbiswa rakagadziriswa kuti rifambiswe mugungwa. Kunyangwe munzvimbo inodziya zvakanyanya uye ine hunyoro hwakawanda hwe38°C uye hunyoro hwe90% munzvimbo dzinopisa, chigadzirwa hachizotore hunyoro uye hachizorasikirwi mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu ekufambisa mugungwa.

Musangano weFQA

1. Mubvunzo: Michero nemiriwo zvakaomeswa nechando zvichaora here panguva yekufambisa tembiricha yemumba kure?A: Zvigadzirwa zvakaomeswa nechando zvine hunyoro huri pasi pe5% uye zvakavharwa nealuminium foil hazvizobereke tupukanana patembiricha yemumba, uye hunhu hwazvo hunogona kuramba hwakagadzikana kunyangwe mushure memwedzi makumi maviri nemana yekuchengetwa. Hapana chikonzero chekunetseka nezvekuora panguva yekufambisa kwegungwa kwakajairika.
2. Mubvunzo: Mari yekufambisa tembiricha yemukamuri inogona kuderedzwa zvakadii kana tichienzanisa nemutengo we "full cold chain"?A: Mushure mekudzima zvese zvinongedzo zve "cold chain links", mutengo wezvinhu zvinosanganisira kutakura zvinhu pasi, kutakura zvinhu mugungwa uye kugoverwa kwezviteshi zvemagetsi unogona kuderedzwa neanopfuura 70%, uye mukana wemutengo wezvinhu mumusika wekunze kwenyika uchavandudzwa zvakanyanya.
3. Mubvunzo: Zvigadzirwa zvakaomeswa nechando zvinogona here kuenderana nekusiyana kwakanyanya kwekushisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi?A: Mapakeji edu akagadzirwa nematatu-layer-anodzivirira hunyoro uye anodzivirira kuvhunduka anogona kuramba mamiriro ekunze akanyanya kubva -20°C kusvika 40°C, uye anogona kuchinjika nemamiriro ekunze enyika dzese nenzvimbo pasi rese.
4. Mubvunzo: Ndeipi nguva yepamusoro yekufambisa nekuchengetedza tembiricha yemukamuri?A: Kana zvasvika pakuzadzisa mwero wekuvharwa kwemapakeji, michero nemiriwo yedu yakaomeswa nechando inogona kutsigira kutenderera kwetembiricha yemumba kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana, iyo inogona kufukidza chero kutenderera kwekutengeserana kwepasi rose uye kutenderera kwekutengesa.
5. Mubvunzo: Ko zvinovaka muviri zviri muchigadzirwa ichi zvicharasika here kana chikaiswa mutembiricha yemumba kwenguva refu?A: Kunyorova kushoma uye kuchengetedzwa kwakazara kwenitrogen kunogona kuvharira zvinopfuura 95% yezvinovaka muviri zvekutanga, uye mwero wekuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri mushure memwedzi gumi nemiviri yekuchengetera tembiricha yemumba uchiri pamusoro pe90%.
6. Mubvunzo: Tinogona here kupa mhinduro dzekugadzirisa tembiricha yemukamuri dzakagadzirwa kuti dzishandiswe kunyika dzatinoda kuenda?A: Ehe, tinogona kufananidza hurongwa hwekurongedza hunoshanda zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze emuno, daro rekufambisa uye nguva yakatarwa yekushanda kwenyika yaunoda kuenda, kuitira kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvinosvika kwaunoda kuenda zvakachengeteka.