Nguva Yekuzorora Muchero Wakaomeswa Nechando: Zvinofanira Kutsanangurwa Nevatengi

Mutengesi wese wezvinhu zvinoomeswa nechando anotaura musoro wenyaya mumwe chete:Muchero wakachena 100%, hauna zvinochengetedza, unorarama kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana. Musoro wenyaya uri nyore kukopa. Nhamba nhanhatu dziri shure kwadzo hadzisi. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura kuti chii chinonyatsoratidza kana mudziyo wemastrawberry akaomeswa nechando uchisvika muAmsterdam mumamiriro awakasiya mumutsetse wekugadzirisa - uye zvekuisa muRFQ yako kuitira kuti mhinduro ive yechokwadi pane yekushuvira.

PEPA RINO

Chii chinonzi kuomesa nechando

Kunobva kupi kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana yekushanda

Tafura yezvakanyorwa

Kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri: maitiro vs. kuchengetedza

Sei zvichidhura zvakanyanya

Ongororo yekutevedzera mitemo yekutumira kunze kwenyika

Pepa reRFQ rinoshanda

Kuverenga COA

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

1. Zvinoreva "kuomeswa nechando" chaizvoizvo, mumashoko ekuita

Kuomesa nechando hakusi kuomesa zvishoma nezvishoma kana paine kushambadza kuri nani. Inzira ine matanho matatu umo mvura inobviswa kubva muchigadzirwa chakaomeswa nechando kuburikidza ne sublimation — chando chakasimba chinoshanduka kuita utsi — saka chikafu hachimbopfuuri nepadanho remvura.

• Kutonhora.Zvirimwa zvitsva, zvakaibva zvinogezwa, zvinorongwa uye zvinoomeswa nechando kusvika pa −35 °C kusvika −45 °C, zviri nani mukati memaawa ekukohwa. Kuomeswa nechando nekukurumidza kunokosha: makristaro makuru echando anotyora madziro emasero, uye madziro akaputika ndiwo anoshandura michero yakaomeswa nechando kuita upfu mubhegi.
• Kuomesa kwekutanga.Mutoro wakaomeswa nechando unopinda mukamuri remvura inotonhorera pasi pemvura ine nzvimbo nhatu (inenge 611 Pa), uye kupisa kunoiswa zvinyoro-nyoro mumasherufu. Aizi inonaya; mushure memaawa angangoita 12-18 mvura zhinji inopera.
• Kuomesa kwechipiri uye kurongedza.Hunyoro hwasara hunobviswa, mutoro unotyoka uye unoongororwa, uye chigadzirwa chinovharwa nenitrogen mualuminium foil laminate.

Nekuti chivakwa hachimboputsirwi nemvura, chidimbu chapedzwa chinochengetedza chimiro chayo chepakutanga, ruvara uye magadzirirwo akavhurika, ane maburi - uye chinonyoroveswazve mumasekonzi kwete mumaawa. Uyu ndiwo musiyano chaiwo wehunyanzvi kubvachigadzirwa chakaomeswa nemhepo uye chisina mvura, iyo inodzikira, inoita kuti rima uye irasikirwe nezvinovaka muviri zvakawanda zvinonzwa kupisa panguva yekupisa kwenguva refu.

2. Kunobva kupi chaizvo mwedzi makumi maviri nemana yenguva yekuchengetera zvinhu

Hapana mushonga wekuchengetedza uri kuita basa iri. Zvinhu zviviri zvinosiyana: mvura iripo uye oxygen.

Zvipukanana — mabhakitiriya, mbiriso uye chakuvhuvhu — zvinoda mvura isina muripo kuti zvikure. Kubvisa hunyoro hwese chikamu chenyaya; chinodzora kugadzikana kwezvipukanana ibasa remvura (a_w), chikamu chemvura chinowanikwa muhupenyu hwemuviri. Magadzirirwo ari pasi pe_w0.3 ndiyo yakajairika kune zvirimwa zvakaomeswa nechando, uye padanho iroro zvipembenene zvinoora hazvigone kuwanda pasinei nekupisa kwekunze.

Chinhu chechipiri chinonzi oxygen, icho chinoita kuti mafuta asashande zvakanaka (kusiyana kwenzungu nembeu, kunaka kusina kunaka mumichero ine mafuta) uye kunoderedza mavhitamini nepigment. Kupisa nitrogen pamwe nefoil laminate ine oxygen shoma inoendesa oxygen inoita kuti okisijeni ive shoma zvakakwana kuti ideredze kukanganiswa kwechinhu chacho. Hunyoro nekushanda kweoxygen - kwete processing line chete - ndizvo zvinoita kuti makore maviri ekutora oxygen agare mudura remumba muRotterdam kana Lagos kwete mufekitori chete.

3. Zvekunyora muchirevo

Tumira tafura iri pazasi nemubvunzo wako pane kutsanangura chigadzirwa neprose - ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yekuparadzanisa vatengesi vanoyera kubva kune vatengesi vanoongorora.

Zvinhu zviviri zvinotevera kubva patafura iyi. Chekutanga, "mwedzi makumi maviri nemana" haigone kusimbiswa nechitupa chete - chirevo pamusoro pesystem yakavharwa. Chechipiri, chero mutengesi asingakwanise kupa_wuye data re oxygen re headspace pa lot riri kutsanangura chinangwa, kwete chirevo.

4. Kuchengetwa kwezvinovaka muviri: paradzanisa chikumbiro chemaitiro kubva pane chikumbiro chekuchengetedza

Kuenzanisa kwakaburitswa kunowanzoisa kuchengetedzwa kwevhitamini C kubva pakuomeswa nechando kuri pakati pe80–95%, zvakanyanya kupfuura kuomeswa nemhepo inopisa, iyo inowanzo rasikirwa nemavhitamini akawanda anonzwa kupisa. Nhamba iyoyo inotsanangura zvinoitikapanguva yekugadzirisa.

Zvinoitika mukati memwedzi makumi maviri nemana yekuchengetera zvinhu zvakasiyana, uye ndizvo zvinosarudza kana chikafu chako chiri mupaketi chichiri chakarurama mugore rechipiri. Vhitamini C ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, saka ndiyo nhamba yekuedza. Kune chero chirevo chekuchengetedza chaunoda kudhinda, bvunza:

• data rekuchengetera data panguva chaiyo mumamiriro ekunze, nenguva (0, 6, 12, 18, mwedzi 24);
• data rakakurumidza seuchapupu hunotsigira chete — mhedzisiro yakakurumidza haitsivi data renguva chaiyo pane chirevo chakadhindwa;
• rabhoritari yekuedza, nzira uye fomati yekurongedza yakashandiswa, sezvo mhedzisiro inowanikwa mufirimu rakasiyana isingachinjiki;
• kusimbiswa kwechiratidzo chipi chakayerwa uye nenzira ipi yekuona.

5. Sei kuomeswa nechando kuchidhura zvakanyanya, uye mari yacho inoenda kupi?

Vatengi vatsva muchikamu ichi vanowanzo fungidzira kuti musiyano wemutengo uchienzaniswa nechigadzirwa chakaomeswa nemhepo ishoma. Zvikurukuru ifizikisi:

• Goho.Muchero une mvura inosvika 85–90%. Makirogiramu gumi emastrawberry matsva anoburitsa inenge kilogiramu imwe chete yechinhu chakaomeswa nechando, saka uri kubhadhara kubvisa mvura uye kutenga zvinhu zvakawanda zvekugadzira nemutengo mudiki wezvinhu zvinotengeswa.
• Simba nenguva.Kutenderera kwevacuum kwemaawa 12-18 pamhepo ine simba shoma kunodya simba rakawanda pakirogiramu pane mugero wemhepo inopisa, uye michina yevacuum ine mari yakawanda.
• Kurongedza.Kupukuta nefoil laminate pamwe nenitrogen hazvisi zvinhu zvinotengeswa.
• Chiyero chezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa.Muchero wakaibva, wakanaka chete ndiwo unoomesa chando zvakanaka. Zvisina kunaka zvekushongedza zvinogoneka kana zvabikwa mupuree, zvishoma kana zvadyiwa zvekudya zvese.

Kubatsira kwekugadzirisa zvinhu ndiko kutakura zvinhu: mvura inenge yese yabviswa, huremu hunoderera zvakanyanya kana tichienzanisa nemvura itsva, uye chigadzirwa hachidi chando. Kune vanotumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika kwenguva refu vanowanzo pfuura mutengo wepamusoro wekugadzira — asi inhamba yemutengo wakatarwa, saka enzanisa nenhamba dzako dzekutakura zvinhu nedzekuchengetedza zvinhu pane kuvimba nehuwandu hwemutengesi.

6. Kutevedzera mitemo: chii chinoita kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvikwanise kutengeswa kunze kwenyika

Zviyo zvakaomeswa nechando zviri muchikamu che "michero nemiriwo zvakagadzirwa", zvinoreva kuti basa remapepa riri pedyo nechinosanganisa pane kudya kwemanheru. Zvinhu zvinowanzo fanirwa kutsvagwa nevatengi:

• Kutevedzana.Munda wepurazi kana boka revarimi, nzvimbo yekudyara, batch yekugadzirisa, zuva rekurongedza uye mudziyo — zvinobatanidzwa kubva kumagumo kusvika kumagumo. Kutevedzana kwechikamu chimwe chete chinhu chinodiwa pakutanga, kwete chinhu chepamusoro.
• Zvisaririra zvemishonga inouraya zvipembenene.Yakaedzwa ichienzanisa nemutemo weMRL wemusika wekuenda (muEU, Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 uye zvigadziriso zvayo), pachikamu chinofukidza actives inoshandiswa pachirimwa ichocho.
• Zvinosvibisa.Simbi dzinorema uye mycotoxins zvinopesana nemiganhu yenzvimbo dzinofanira kusvikwa — muEU, Regulation (EU) 2023/915, iyo yakatsiva Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006.
• Zvidikidiki.Kuwanda kweplate, mbiriso neforoma, coliforms, Salmonella neListeria zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi; Salmonella ndiyo nzira inowanzo shandiswa pakubvisa michero yakaomeswa yakagadzirira kudyiwa.
• Kuzivisa kusina kuwedzerwa.Hapana shuga yakawedzerwa, hapana sirapu inonyikwa usati wainyika, hapana ruvara rwekugadzira kana kunaka - uye hapana masulfite (E 220–E 228), ayo anowanikwa mumichero yakaomeswa uye anofanira kuziviswa seallergen pamusoro pe10 mg/kg seSO2.₂muEU.
• Cheni yekupa zvitupa.Kana chigadzirwa chacho chakatengeswa sechisiri cheorganic, chitupa chinofanira kufukidza nzvimbo yekugadzirisa uye chigadzirwa chacho; USDA NOP, EU 2018/848 uye JAS chimwe nechimwe chinoda chiyero chacho. Chitupa chepurazi chisina chiyero chekugadzirisa hachivharidzi chinhu chakaomeswa nechando chapera.
• Nzvimbo uye mukana wekuwana musika.Chitupa cheBRCGS kana IFS, chirongwa cheHACCP, uye — yeUnited States — zvidziviriro zveFSMA zvine zvisungo zveFSVP zvemutengesi zvakasangana nedivi rako rekutengeserana.
• Kunyora mazita.Kuzivisa zviri mukati, zvirevo zve allergen ne sulphite, nyika yakabva uye paneru yezvekudya zvinoenderana nechimiro chemusika wekuenda.

7. Pepa reRFQ rinopa mhinduro dzinoshanda

Tumira izvi setafura kwete sendima. Vatengesi vanogona kuzadza izvi ndivo vanofanirwa kutorwa sechikafu.

1. Chigadzirwa, zita remiti uye mhando yaro; kwakabva (nyika, dunhu, boka revarimi).
2. Maitiro: yakaomeswa nechando — simbisa kuti hapana kuomeswa nemhepo, hapana kurapwa kwe osmotic, hapana kuiswa kwe syrup.
3. Kucheka nehukuru; kushivirira kuvimbika kwechinhu chose; muganho wekutyoka paunosvika.
4. Hunyoro hwasara uye_wtsanangudzo ine mhedzisiro yechikamu chimwe nechimwe.
5. Muganho weokisijeni panzvimbo ine musoro uye nzira yekuyera nayo.
6. Maumbirwo epakeji, huremu hwayo, data reOTR/WVTR, kusimbiswa kwenitrogen flush.
7. Zvirwere zve microbiological uye zvinosvibisa zvine zita remusika wekuenda.
8. Kuzivisa kwekuwedzera uye sulphite; chirevo chekurwara.
9. Pakeji yedata renguva chaiyo: nguva chaiyo, maitiro ekurongedza akaedzwa, rabhoritari.
10. Mienzaniso kubva mukugadzirwa kwazvino — kwete muenzaniso wekutarisa wakagadzirwa nemaoko — ine COA inoenderana.

8. Kuverenga COA usati waverenga bhurocha

COA inongonyora hunyoro chete nehuwandu hwemaplate ese igwaro risinganyatsoonekwi. Kune zvirimwa zvakaomeswa nechando, zvinhu zvina zvinofanotaura kana pallet ichizokwanisa kutengeswa mumwedzi gumi nemisere ndeizvi:a_w, okisijeni yemusoro, hunyorouyechimiro chekurongedza chakashandiswa chaizvoZvimwe zvese — ruvara, kuchekwa, kunaka — zvinogadziriswa nemuenzaniso, uye mienzaniso inongoreva chimwe chinhu kana ichibva panzvimbo yekugadzira kwete pabhenji.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa

Michero yakaomeswa nechando haina mishonga inochengetedza zvinhu here?

Ehe, kana maitiro acho nekurongedza kwacho kwakanyatsotsanangurwa. Kugadzikana kunobva pakushanda kwemvura shoma, kurongedza foil yakasanganiswa nenitrogen uye maitiro ekuisa pasi pemvura — hapana mishonga yekuchengetedza makemikari, hapana sulphites, hapana zvimwe zvekuwedzera. Kumbira kuzivisa kwacho kwakanyorwa, nekuti "hapana mishonga yekuchengetedza" uye "hapana sulphites" zvirevo zvakasiyana uye chechipiri chete ndicho chinogona kuongororwa.

Kuomesa nechando kunoparadza zvinovaka muviri here?

Zvishoma pane kuomesa nekupisa. Nhamba dzeVitamin C dzinochengetwa dzakaburitswa dzinowanzova pakati pe80–95% yekuomesa nechando, zvichienzaniswa nekurasikirwa kukuru kwekuomesa nemhepo inopisa. Kuchengetwa panguva yekugadzirisa nekuchengetedza mushure memwedzi makumi maviri nemana yekuchengetwa zvinoreva zvakasiyana, uye chechipiri chinoda data renguva chaiyo kubva muchimiro chekurongedza chauri kutenga.

Sei zvirimwa zvakaomeswa nechando zvichidhura kupfuura zvirimwa zvakaomeswa zvenguva dzose?

Zvikonzero zvitatu: chiyero che "raw-to-finished" chiri pakati pe8:1 ne12:1 nehuremu, "vacuum cycle" inotora maawa 12-18 nemutengo wesimba rakawanda, uye "packaging" yacho yakagadzirwa nefoil laminate ine zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda. Mutengo wepamusoro we "processing" uye "good" mutengo, kwete nyaya ye "margin" - ndosaka mutengo wakaderera zvisingawanzoitiki uchikodzera kuongororwa kwemaitiro.

Inogona kudyiwa zvakananga kubva mubhegi here, kana kuti inoda kudzorerwa mvura mumuviri?

Zvese zviri zviviri. Ichingwa chakakangwa chakagadzirira kudyiwa chega, uye nekuti chimiro chemasero chakazara, chinonyorovesa nekukurumidza muzviyo, smoothies, sauces uye chikafu chinopisa. Kumhanya kwemvura inonaya mumuviri chiratidzo chemhando yepamusoro: chigadzirwa chinoramba chakasimba mushure memaminitsi akati wandei mumvura chinowanzo oma zvakanyanya kana kukuvara.

Michero yakaomeswa nechando yakasiyana sei nemichero yakaomeswa nechando?

Muchero wakaomeswa nechando uchiri nemvura yakawanda uye unoenderana nechinhu chinotonhora chisingaputsike kubva kumuchina wekugadzira kusvika kumushandisi. Mvura yacho inenge yese yakabviswa mufiriji, ine huremu hushoma, uye inochengetwa patembiricha yekunze - ndosaka ichifamba nemuchina wenguva dzose kwete nereefer.

Ko mwedzi makumi maviri nemana yekushanda inoshanda here mushure mekuvhurwa?

Kwete. Kana chisimbiso chenitrogen chatyoka, chimiro chine maburi chinokurumidza kunwisa hunyoro hwemhepo uye kusviba kunopera. Mazano anoshanda kune vatengi ndeekuvharazve zvakasimba uye kupedzisa mukati memwedzi ungangoita; kune vashandisi vemaindasitiri, tora bhegi rakavhurwa sechinhu chinoshandiswa kwenguva pfupi uye taura kuti rinovharazve kana kushandiswa kamwe chete mukuita kwako.